Operations Management Essay

1. Talk about how without a moment to spare assembling may influence a Job Shop (Consider both positive and negative effects on both interior and outer tasks). Without a moment to spare (JIT) assembling may influence a Job Shop both decidedly and contrarily. The most significant influence is that it improves the presentation of occupation shop creation. JIT likewise dispenses with squander and additionally diminishes work in progress (WIP) in that equivalent sense. JIT considers items that are delivered to satisfy a quick interest for them. JIT underlines on quality. Quality is significant in JIT fabricating in light of the fact that it diminishes or takes out expenses and builds benefits by delivering great items the first run through around. JIT takes into account quality items to be changed from crude materials into completed products as practically and proficiently as conceivable immediately. A portion of the negative influences are incompetent or undeveloped laborers. They may not make quality items since they are not prepared appropriately or regularly. It might influence outer tasks by advancing serious offering between sellers to give required stock. Once in a while this can cause erosion between long-standing sellers and the organization when they’re out offer by another merchant. It can discolor the business relationship. 2. You work a dairy ranch, raising bovines for the creation of crude milk items. Quickly recognize the degrees of vertical reconciliation that you would foresee being workable for such an activity (incorporate both in reverse and forward coordination in your reaction). Working a dairy ranch, raising cows, would be an exceptionally moving business to direct. The opposition for piece of the overall industry is incredible. One degree of vertical joining that I would envision is to conceivably arrangement my own appropriation place. I would confront a few difficulties on the grounds that I’d need to recruit laborers with this kind of ability, alongside the information on cultivating. Despite the fact that I’d need to contribute increasingly capital and buy or allocate warehousing space for the additional stock, over the long haul it would be substantially more financially valuable to my cultivating business. I would turn into my own merchant, in this way passing these investment funds to my clients, while picking up piece of the pie. Another degree of vertical combination would be that I’d buy more land to have grass to take care of my dairy animals, rather than buying feed from a feed organization. That sort of incorporation is ca lled forward combination. 3. Examine the idea of the â€Å"Process Spectrum†. Use models where fitting. The Process Spectrum is comprised of five significant kinds of assembling forms that an organization may use to get to a final result, or a completed decent or administration. The constant stream process is described by the progression of material. During this procedure, the material barely ever stops, however moves continually starting with one procedure then onto the next. Utilizing the nonstop stream process, an opportunity to change crude material into a completed venture can be effortlessly assessed. The Job Shop process is the most adaptable of the procedures. Not at all like the constant stream process, the Job Shop process it group’s comparable gear together. This regularly takes into consideration items to spill out of one machine to an alternate kind of machine and back to a past sort of machine, if necessary, not at all like the ceaseless stream process. This procedure satisfies an outside customer’s request by a settled upon date and whatever amount requested. The clump stream process is generally like the activity shop process, in that the hardware is assembled by work instead of item. Dissimilar to the activity shop process, it produces items in a built up parcel size that move into a stock from which further creation or last client orders are filled. The Line Flow process for the most part looks like a moving mechanical production system, for example, in the vehicle business. As opposed to the nonstop stream, the line stream is increasingly adaptable, not so much robotized, but rather more work/laborer driven. The half breed process is the place the initial segment of the progression of materials looks like the cluster stream process, while the last part takes after a line or nonstop stream process. In a crossover procedure, on process isolates the stock by parts or semi-completed stock, to be passed to the next procedure for gathering or wrapping up. 4. Investigate the â€Å"Worker Paced Line Flow Process† and the â€Å"Machine Paced Line Flow Process† as identifies with capital use, process speed, pacing, and materials necessities. In looking into the â€Å"Worker Paced Line Flow† and â€Å"Machine Paced Line Flow† forms concerning capital use, it is genuinely modest to make as well as administration the client base in the specialist paced line stream than the machine paced line stream. Despite the fact that the hardware is extraordinarily intended to create the quality results of the organization, the distinction in capital use is more noteworthy in the machine paced line stream in light of the fact that the tasks are in all probability bigger in size than the specialist paced line stream process. In a specialist paced line stream, the way toward making crude material into a completed item is progressively quick, for example, in a drive-through joint. The clients hope to be served in an OK time period and anticipate that their food should be new, hot, and in great or extraordinary quality. The item stream relies upon the quick interest. The more prominent the client base, the more prominent the need to create items and in a quicker pace. Nonetheless, it is as yet subordinate upon the pace of the laborers and their pace is observed and balanced by the executives as regarded fit for client request. In a machine stream process, the procedure of speed is quick. This depends on the speed of the machine delivering the item. Be that as it may, machines can be set to accomplish a set objective by the executives. Concerning materials necessities, in a laborer paced line the measure of material or stock required or required is firmly assessed by the measure of deals. In a machine paced line stream process, the sum isn't known for sure until a creation plan is set up. 5. Quickly examine the idea of the â€Å"cost of quality†. Consider both positive and negative expenses related with a regular quality program in an assembling office. My comprehension of the term â€Å"Quality is Free† is to make the item to details the first run through, as to stay away from the expenses related with amending the entirety of the deformities. Low quality could prompt helpless client relations, which is awful in light of the fact that most organizations are publicized through â€Å"word of mouth†. To scrap intends to begin once again from the earliest starting point. That’s not great on the grounds that you’ve made the item twice at double the expense. Expenses can be alleviated when the items are examined and tried to distinguish surrenders at various phases of WIP, before turning out to the market. This is a decent procedure to have set up. Guaranteeing laborers are appropriately prepared and broadly educated is a decent safeguard measure to have set up. The more procedures a specialist can play out, the more profitable the organization can be.

Machines Are They Helpful Or Too Much Trouble Essay Example For Students

Machines: Are They Helpful Or Too Much Trouble? Paper The historiography and different periods of the Industrial Revolution werevery significant. Populace increment and the extension of capital, credit andcommerce were one of the stages. The job of business people, laborers andinventions in boosting creation were another stage. Materials, coal, transportand open administrations began happening to an incentive to individuals. The social consequencesincluded ladies and kids working in plants and mines. Hard livingconditions, swarmed rooms, and numerous maladies. There were numerous beneficial outcomes, new developments, that helped madeliving agreeable, and spared numerous lives. An inoculation was made sparing manylives, phones helped individuals to impart, lights gave light at nightand when downpour was falling. As individuals required business, they ventured out to Londonto look for some kind of employment, which made the populace increment. Engineers constructed multistory building(apartments), and line houses making roads less swarmed, and gavethe individuals a newly discovered riches and security. Steam motors made it simple totransport products, the cotton gin made it simpler to clean cotton, and made moremoney. At that point specialized schools started to create, helping youngsters finishgrammar school. Ladies likewise began working, they were extremely submissive and menstarted giving them more regard. Alongside positive, were likewise negative. The vast majority worked twelve tofourteen hours daily, six days every week, they needed to give consistent consideration to themachines and gambled losing appendages in the machines. Youngster work was anotherproblem, they as a rule worked from 6 am to 7 p.m., getting paid just 10 percentwages of men to kids. They would be seriously beaten, and as a rule wasdeformed from machines. Many average workers youngsters couldn't attendschools, on the grounds that they couldnt bear the cost of garments. Ladies generally spent long hoursaway from home and couldn't deal with kids. They for the most part had adeformed chest or rib from the machines, and in some cases their hair and long skirtwere trapped in the machines. A few people needed to work in mines, the mines weredamp and ark, laborers gambled suffocation from the residue and suffocating fromunderground floods. As populace developed, individuals moved into urban zones. This wasa enormous issu e, wrongdoings and maladies expanded, in some cases twenty families hadto share similar toilets and water siphons. The mechanical insurgency had numerous issues, however here are some solutionsI would propose. I would have restricted work, better wages, and more windows, thepeople once in a while got lung disease and choked from a lot of smoke. Thechildren, well, I would most likely say they couldnt work until they were 11 or 12,but in the event that they needed to work before 11 or 12 I would give them less hours and morebreaks. For ladies, better compensation and hours. In the coal mineshafts, they shouldvebuilt better help, and at any rate caution the individuals of blasts. Schoolsshouldve been worked for poor kids and paid by the administration. More housesbuilt and trees cut. Classification: Social Issues

The Strength And Weaknesses Of Oracle Company Information Technology Essay

The Strength And Weaknesses Of Oracle Company Information Technology Essay The organization Oracle is especially quick to keep all its recently obtained clients upbeat and persuade them to get tied up with its Fusion guide. For undertakings settling on technique programming choices, the organization accepts that it has the most extravagant most complete arrangement of utilizations and middleware. The organization likewise conforms to all the moral rules that law has put and it additionally has its own moral rules that the whole work power follows. Prophet is the main organization that is fit for actualizing total worldwide e-business arrangements that stretch out from the front office client relationship the board to back office operational applications. Larry Ellison saw an open door that different organizations missed over three decades back. This was a portrayal of a social database. There was no organization around then that conceded to commercializing the innovation, yet Ellison and fellow benefactor Bob digger and Ed Oates understood the business capability of the social database model. The organization is headquartered in Redwood Shores, California. From the beginning of time, the organization has demonstrated that it can work for the future, meeting all requested and changes in patterns. The personal information on clients and victories broke down by the best specialized and business minds on the planet, made the organization what it is today. The fundamental focal point of the organization is to satisfy its clients needs and actualize key innovation and business choices that overturn standard way of thinking and take its items and administrations in new ways. In the event that one glances at organizations that are like Oracle, it has gotten a standard for database innovation and applications in ventures all through the world. The results of the organization can be found in almost every industry, and in the server farms of 100 of the fortune Global 100 organizations. Prophet was the primary organization to create and send 100% web - empowered endeavor programming over its whole product offering: database, business applications, application advancement, and choice help devices. (Wikipedia) Quality and Weaknesses Prophet being the primary organization to present social database, had the principal mover advantage. It helped organizations improve their association of data and furthermore helped them improve their business forms. It is the universes driving provider of programming for data the board, and it is the universes second biggest autonomous programming organization. It has yearly incomes of more than $10.1 billion. The organization offers its database apparatuses, application items, alongside related counseling, instruction, and bolster administrations, in excess of 145 nations around the globe. Prophet is the main organization that is fit for executing total worldwide e-business arrangements that stretch out from the front office client relationship the executives to back office operational applications. Prophet programming runs on PCs, workstations, minicomputers, centralized computers and enormously equal PCs, just as on close to home advanced aides and set-top gadgets. This makes its item the best in the market. The quality of similarity is the thing that gives Oracle an edge over different organizations being its significant quality. Prophets web empowered arrangements give a savvy approach to grow showcase openings and improve business process efficiencies, and pull in and hold clients. This is particularly for the little and medium organizations that need an IT framework in their association that would assist them with getting an edge over their rivals. With Oracles help, these organizations can supplant costly, inconvenient customer/server registering models with the productivity and reach of the web, organizations can convey an abundance of imaginative applications that can be gotten to with a Web program. A shortcoming of the organization that harms its market is the manner in which it showcases its item. Due to the picture discernment that it has, it is continually attempting to pick up showcase based on this brand acknowledgment. What's more, this brand acknowledgment has seriously influenced it before. The organization showcases the majority of its items utilizing the trademark Cant break it, cannot break in, or Unbreakable. (Wikipedia)What this connotes is the expanding requests on data security. Individuals anticipate that the product should be unbreakable. The organization additionally weights on unwavering quality of arranged databases and system access to databases as significant selling point. However, fourteen days after its presentation in 2002, David Litchfield, Alexander Kornbrust, Cesar Cerrudo and others exhibited an entire set-up of fruitful assaults against Oracle items. (Poulsen, 2002). At that point the reporters reprimanded the motto as unreasonable and as a solicitation to saltines, however the companys boss security official Mary Ann Davidson depicted the analysis as out of line. Natural components Rivalry IBM commanded the centralized server social database showcase with its DB2 and SQL/DS database items, it postponed while entering the market for a social database in UNIX and windows working frameworks. What this did was that it made the way for Sybase, Oracle, and Informix then in the long run Microsoft to rule mid-range and microcomputers. This was the time Oracle falled behind Sybase and in 1990-1993 Sybase turned into the quickest developing database organization and the database industrys dear seller, yet soon it consolidated lunacy and to specialized issues with System X. In any case, in 1993, Sybase offered the rights to its database programming running under the windows working framework to Microsoft Corporation, which currently advertises it under the name SQL Server. Informix Software surpassed Sybase in 1994 and became Oracles most significant opponent. In any case, in the long run Oracle crushed Informix in 1997. Also, in November 2005 a book itemizing the war among Oracle and Informix showed up. This book gave a point by point foundation on what occurred and how Informix Softwares CEO Phil White arrived in prison in light of his fixation on overwhelming Ellison. Be that as it may, when it defeated Informix and Sybase, it delighted in long periods of predominance in the database showcase. Yet, everything changed when Microsoft SQL Server got far reaching in the late 1990s and IBM procured Informix Software in 2000. It is as yet a similar today as it seeks permit on UNIX, Linux, and Windows working frameworks essentially against IBMsDB2 and Microsoft SQL Server. In 2004 was the year when Oracles deals developed at a pace of 14.5% to $6.2 billion, giving it 41.3% and the top portion of the social database showcase. (InformationWeek March, 2005). Prophet Corporations primary rivals in the database field remain IBM DB2 and Microsoft SQL Server and to some lesser degree Sybase and Teradata. With open source databases, for example, PostgreSQL and MySQL, has as of late made advances by guaranteeing that its item conveys Oracle similarity highlights at a much lower value point. The product application showcase recounts to a similar story. Prophet Corporation essentially contends with SAP. Furthermore, on March22, 2007 Oracle utilized SAP, blaming them for misrepresentation and out of line rivalry. Be that as it may, because of the extending market for business-insight programming, numerous other programming organizations have effectively contended in quality with Oracle and SAP items. In any case, more items will show up inside the following 10 years. Prophet Strategy The organization Oracle is especially quick to keep all its recently procured clients upbeat and persuade them to get tied up with its Fusion guide. For endeavors settling on procedure programming choices, the organization accepts that it has the most extravagant most complete arrangement of uses and middleware. The companys expansiveness and profundity is a major in addition to and it has helped it in winning a decent notoriety for supporting gained best-of-breed items. Moreover, the organization benefits from these amassed arrangements, Oracle should additionally build up its ISV accomplice cordial, arrangement driven biological system a d keep on working on its verifiably not as much as client centered discernment. (Duncan Jones) Corporate Governance Prophets Board of Corporations has constantly built up a corporate administration practice so as to satisfy its obligations to the Oracles Corporation investors. There are sure rules that the board must follow to help guarantee that it has the important position and techniques set up to direct crafted by the executives and to practice freedom in assessing Oracle Corporations business tasks. These rules assist them with adjusting the interests of chiefs and the board with those of the organization investors. The organization constantly applies great corporate administration standards to different territories. Executive The significant individuals from the Board of Directors of Oracle must qualify as autonomous chiefs as per the relevant arrangements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The individual to be chosen as a Director will have certain traits including business judgment, the board, financial aspects, bookkeeping and account, legitimate, showcasing, industry and innovation information, worldwide business, authority and key vision. 2. Chief Responsibilities One of the essential obligations of the executives is to practice their business judgment to act in a way they sensibly accept is in the home enthusiasm of Oracle and its investors and in a way steady with their guardian obligations. The chiefs can lead any sort of examination as they esteem fitting, and may sensibly depend on the data gave to them by Oracles senior administrators and its outside consultants and the reviewers. The board is additionally liable for administering administrations endeavors to survey and oversee material dangers and for exploring alternatives for chance moderation. It additionally saves the privilege of directing the significant dangers confronting Oracle and may designate hazard oversight obligation to panels of the Board. Chiefs are relied upon to go to the Annual Meeting of Stockholders and to normally go to Board mee

How Germany Prepared For The War - Free Essay Example

In this paper I will be talking about World War 1. The topics I will be talking about are reasons for: why Germany was involved with the war, the struggles that the citizens of Germany went through during and after the war, and how Germany prepared for the war. Germany had many reasons for being involved with this war. Many people thought that the Germans were the main cause of the war including the allies. The allies consist of Great Britain, France, Russia, Belgium, Italy, Serbia, Greece, USA, Japan, and many others. Most believed they were only involved in World War 1 because they wanted to expand their power, that was somewhat true; Germany believed that if they won the war with Austria they could have European domination. Germany also believed that if they entered the war to protect Austria Hungary it would be the perfect opportunity to gain land from France. Germany was part of the central powers along with Austria Hungary, Ottomans, Italy, and Bulgaria. In 1919 Germany had officially lost World War 1. The economy failed, and the citizens of Germany were getting frustrated with this outcome. They started to turn their back on the government. On March of 1920 a rebellion was formed called Kapp Putsch; they threatened to form a new gov ernment for Germany. This caused a lot of problems in Germany. The citizens of Germany had to really adjust to the fact that they were going to war. This changed how all Germans were living in their homes during the time of World War 1. There was a fall in the food. There was no food coming in or going out of Germany because of the blockades from the allied forces. Everyone depended on the men to get much work done, so once the government started to enlist a lot of men into the war each year, the amount of men went down, causing work to slow down. During this time most women had to step up and take over the jobs that the men would normally do. The women had to work on the farms, in factories, and inside the home they also had to learn about new jobs that were formed including the munitions factories while men of all ages went out to fight a war. You would think that since the women are doing a mans job they would get paid equally but that wasnt the case; women were actually getting paid less than what the men did, this is when equal pay started to come around. Because Germany lost World War 1 to the allies, they had an economic fall. With the fall of Germanys economy, Hitler rose to power promising Germany a better economy. In order to do this, he had to take out the Jews, by doing this Hitler cause World War 2. After the war there were a lot o f struggles; people were starving all the time, most people did not like the government because they signed the armistice. Germany had to do several things to prepare themselves for the war. For example, they had to make plans one specific plan was named the Schlieffen Plan. The Schlieffen Plan was made by General Count Alfred von Schlieffen in December 1905, this plan allowed Germany to attack France. Once the Schlieffen Plan was in effect Brittian declared war on Germany. In 1915 the Gas Warfare was introduced, and Germany was credited for it. The poisonous gas was first used by Germany in the battle of Verdun. The gas was used to make you move around so you were an easier target to find, if you didnt attempt to move away from the gas you would sit there to die because of the poisonous gas. Although Germany had the poisonous gas they still were not fully ready to win this war. In 1919 Germany lost the war, they had many reasons for losing. They had weak allies, they were not fully prepared, and they had to keep going back to help the Austrians and Bulgarians. As shown in this paper, World War 1 was surprising for most. Several people went through struggles. The struggles ranged from labor, money, food supply, deaths, and preparedness for the worst to come. They struggled to fight and try to win; most lost their lives trying to fight for what they believed in. At some points of the war Germany felt as if they could win the war, and other times they were devastated by their actions. While Germany had many reasons to be in the war they had to make sure that they were not only physically, but mentally prepared for this war they didnt know what to expect. At some points of the war Germany felt as if they could win the war, and other times they were devastated by their actions.

History of the Integrated Circuit (Microchip)

It seems that the integrated circuit was destined to be invented. Two separate inventors, unaware of each others activities, invented almost identical integrated circuits or ICs at nearly the same time. Jack Kilby, an engineer with a background in ceramic-based silk screen circuit boards and transistor-based hearing aids, started working for  Texas Instruments  in 1958. A year earlier, research engineer  Robert Noyce  had co-founded the Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation. From 1958 to 1959, both electrical engineers were working on an answer to the same dilemma: how to make more of less. What we didnt realize then was that the integrated circuit would reduce the cost of electronic functions by a factor of a million to one, nothing had ever done that for anything before - Jack Kilby Why the Integrated Circuit Was Needed In designing a complex electronic machine like a computer it was always necessary to increase the number of components involved in order to make technical advances. The monolithic (formed from a single crystal) integrated circuit placed the previously separated transistors, resistors, capacitors and all the connecting wiring onto a single crystal (or chip) made of semiconductor material. Kilby used germanium and Noyce used silicon for the semiconductor material. Patents for the Integrated Circuit In 1959 both parties applied for patents. Jack Kilby and Texas Instruments received U.S. patent #3,138,743 for miniaturized electronic circuits. Robert Noyce and the Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation received U.S. patent #2,981,877 for a silicon-based integrated circuit. The two companies wisely decided to cross-license their technologies after several years of legal battles, creating a global market now worth about $1 trillion a year. Commercial Release In 1961 the first commercially available integrated circuits came from the Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation. All computers then started to be made using chips instead of the individual transistors and their accompanying parts. Texas Instruments first used the chips in Air Force computers and the Minuteman Missile in 1962. They later used the chips to produce the first electronic portable calculators. The original IC had only one transistor, three resistors, and one capacitor and was the size of an adults pinkie finger. Today an IC smaller than a penny can hold 125 million transistors. Jack Kilby holds patents on over sixty inventions and is also well known as the inventor of the portable calculator (1967). In 1970 he was awarded the National Medal of Science. Robert Noyce, with sixteen patents to his name, founded Intel, the company responsible for the invention of the microprocessor, in 1968. But for both men, the invention of the integrated circuit stands historically as one of the most important innovations of mankind. Almost all modern products use chip technology.

Managing Human Resources - 4517 Words

Managing Human Resources Contents Introduction 1 Task 1 1 1.1 The Guest’s model of Human Resource Management 1 1.2 The differences between Story’s definitions of HRM, personnel and Industrial Relations (IR) practices: 3 1.3 The implications of developing a strategic approach to HRM for line managers and employees in organizations 5 Task2 6 2.1 A model of flexibility is applied in my organization 6 2.2 The types of flexibility developed in my organization 7 2.3 The use of flexible working practices from both the employee and the employer perspective: 7 2.4 The impact that changes in the labor market have had on flexible working practices 8 Task 3 9 3.1 Explain the forms of†¦show more content†¦Soft HRM is also related to the goals of flexibility and adaptability and implies that communication plays a crucial role in management (Storey and Sisson, 1993). Hard HRM is a kind of strategy where employees are considered as resource that either profitable or a detriment to the company. Employees are seen much like production equipment. The main focus is on the growth of the organization and achieving its goal and target. Issues associated with the employee benefit are short term. This strategy focuses on getting the job done instead of rewarding for performance. The organization I have been working for there I will try to implement the soft HRM model as it focuses on longer term workforce planning and regular two way communication which helps to understand the feelings of employee too. If we implement this soft HRM model the employees will be more empowered and encouraged to take responsibility and motivate them to perform better. 1.2 The differences between Story’s definitions of HRM, personnel and Industrial Relations (IR) practices: Though human resource management and personnel and industrial relations focus on people management, if we examine moreShow MoreRelatedManaging Human Resources1010 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿P.1.1 This assissment is going to be about Human Resource Management and it’s going to contain information about different perspectives of human resources management and what the role involves. . HRM system is based on HR system , both work together to the same way. The example is HR strategies defining the direction in which HRM intends to go. We got few models of HRM , one I want to describe is Guest’s Model of HRM. David Guest’s model of HRM has 6 dimensions of analysis : HRM strategy HRMRead MoreManaging Human Resources3895 Words   |  16 PagesAssignment On Managing Human Resources Task | Table of contents | Page | Introduction | 04 | Task 01 | 1.1 Explain Guest’s model of HRM as applicable to the above company. | 05 | | 1.2 Compare the differences between Storey’s definitions of HRM, personnel and IR practices in the above context. | 05 | | 1.3 Assess the implications for line managers and employees of developing a strategic approach to HRM in a company like Unilever. | 06 | Task 02 | 2.1 ExplainRead MoreManaging Global Human Resources2493 Words   |  10 PagesMANAGING GLOBAL HUMAN RESOURCES The environment in which business competes is rapidly becoming globalized. More and more companies are entering international markets by exporting their products overseas, building plants in other countries, and entering into alliances with foreign companies. 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Unfo rtunately, TWRA’s HR is only delivering functional expertiseRead MoreManaging Human Resource Management And Its Environment1654 Words   |  7 PagesManaging Human Resources In the book Fundamentals of Human Resource Management Sixth Edition by Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart and Wright, chapter one managing human resources gives an outline of human resource management, also known as (HRM), and its environment. Chapter one talks about the understanding, company performance, responsibilities, skills, ethics, and careers of human resource management. Many may know what HRM stands for, human resource management, but do we really know the true meaningRead MoreCase Study : Managing Human Resource1966 Words   |  8 PagesCase Study for Managing Human Resource Case study for Managing Human Resource Harrods is a brand that is recognised all over the world. Its Knightsbridge store has 1 million square feet of selling space with over 330 different departments. 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Human resource regulations and laws vary among countriesRead MoreManaging International Human Resource Management1860 Words   |  8 Pagesturn created the need for International Human Resource Management (IHRM) roles (Scullion, 2001). Human resource management is progressively becoming a major factor that can determine the success or failure of MNC’s. Scullion (2001) concluded that HR strategies play a vital role in implementation and control in MNC’s, and alignment between HR strategies and the organisational structure of MNC’s often results in superior outcomes. In order to strive, human resources must be managed effectively to gainRea d MoreHuman Resource Management : The Effective Methodology Of Managing Human Capital956 Words   |  4 Pagestopic is Human Resource Management: The effective Methodology of Managing Human Capital. The second topic is The Constraint of Women in Leadership Roles. The demand of a transforming world influences roles in human resource management and women occupying leadership position. Both topics depth with challenges that produce opportunities to structure organizations future. In order to sustain the advancement of the United States economy, organizations need restructure the way its Human Resource administrateRead MoreManaging Human Resources : An Exercise Depth Study On Human Resource Management3430 Words   |  14 Pages Title: Managing Human Resources: An In Depth Study on Human Resources Module Name: Module No: Group: Submission Deadline: Executive Summary: Human resource management is an integral function of an organization. It is the specialized field of study with realization that employees play a vital role in the achievement of the overall objectives and goals of an organization. We conduct an assignment on Human Resource Management of Harrods. The assignment is divided into four parts

Impact Of Mass Incarceration On The Community Essay Example For Students

Impact Of Mass Incarceration On The Community Essay Mass incarceration can be defined as the incarceration or imprisonment of a large number of people. According to the Prison Policy Initiative blog (March 2014), the current rates of mass incarceration in the U.S are as follows: Local Jails has 721,654 inmates, Federal prisons 216, 362 prisoners and state prisons have 1,362,028 of prisoners. To have a better understanding, those in local jails are awaiting for trial while federal prisoners are in there because of drugs, weapons and immigration offenses, etc.; However, those in state prisons being the number of prisoners alarming are there because of murder, robbery, assault, public order, etc. Hence, those numbers make U.S the country with the highest number of prisoners. Even though the number of people that we have in actuality in prison has reduced, the statistics still show very disproportionate numbers. So the question to ask will be, are we overusing prison for not too serious offenses? Or is crime increasing among the states? Most of the time when we talk about crime or prison most people think the main reason is drugs; however, statistics from March 2014 mentioned above show the opposite. There are more serious offenses like murder and assaults going on out there, but as drug use/sale is becoming controversial we constantly attribute crime to drugs. The effects of mass incarceration don’t only affect those behind bars, but also the rest of society outside. It’s not only about the inmate himself but also his family and society in general. Most prisoners face very critical situations when they get out of prison, because they paid for their crime but they will still be labeled as criminals making it almost impossible to reintegrate in society as a non-offender. Most prisoners depending on the crime committed are restricted from having driving licenses, not access to about 60 percent of jobs and education, housing and even prohibited from voting in federal elections. Hence, how as a society are we expecting prisoners to change and stay out of crime? The lack of access to resources put offenders at more risk of committing crime again, they feel incapable of surviving without a decent job, and not even get government financial aid for school and housing. Most people refer to prisons as the pill that cures most ills because of the incorporation and the reinforcement of new drug laws more people are going to prison. Non-violent crimes associated with drugs are now seen more serious, and therefore handled with more precaution and severity. Consequences? Community starts paying higher taxes because prison budget increases; including health care, food, electricity, etc. in prison becomes more of a problem because the more people get locked up, the more the more prison spends to keep the prisoners in decent conditions. On the other hand, families are considered to be the most affected by mass incarceration (Lynch, J. P., Sabol, W. J. 2004). Assuming that it leads to a lot of single mothers raising little kids by themselves in poor and dangerous neighborhoods, increasing the possibility in those young males to become criminals. Sometimes its not by choice, they have to protect and defend themselves from others getting involved in gangs, drug selling, dropping school and just live by the street settings. In the case of the mothers they usually become more afraid to interact with other males in the community as well as unstable for the simple reason that she has to play the role of mother and man of the house; holding up the responsibility of leading the kids towards a better future and assuring to afford all their needs. Male Initiation Rituals EssayEven professionals get judged based on mass incarceration and law enforcement trust. As future CRJ professionals we are constantly criticized because Hispanics/Latinos and Blacks are not known to be successful in the law enforcement field. Yes it’s true that being part of a racial group with high rates of crime and imprisonment it’s challenging but that doesn’t mean it defines who we are and what benefits we can bring to law enforcement future with our knowledge and dedication. Some people say that we are working in this field to deal with the problems of our own people. We know that because of lack of education and understanding of the system it seems challenging to access CRJ system and stand out but because we come from a criminal race and community doesn’t mean we will constantly break the law. Even families disagree with their kids to be part in what they call a slacking system that takes advantage of poor families of ou r own race. Nonetheless, when those inmates come back to their neighborhoods and try to form part of the community as a non-offender creates a lot of fear and speculations. People start thinking that they will keep themselves engaged in criminal behaviors and therefore attract other young kids to do the same. Do people commit crime by choice? That’s a pretty much controversial topic because in one end yes people should be able to rationalize about what’s right or wrong and make the right choices; however, the community setting such as poor crappy schools, lacking of resources, careless parents, drug selling like candies in every corner and peer pressure are some of the reasons that might get young males of our community to associate with those reintegrated offenders to our community. However, it is not rational the way that our own people mostly blacks and Hispanics label others only by their mistakes, yes you automatically lose trust in some people but a second chance to reintegra te shouldn’t highlight how judgmental we are as a society. Besides the economic impact of mass incarceration, the emotional and moral damage is even worse. Just by the fact of been labeled as a criminal prevents many people with criminal records to have a normal life. Not getting access to a decent job to afford their families’ needs, a house and even a driver license it’s very hard to get used to; most of them believe they don’t even have any autonomy anymore. And more over those kids growing up without their parents, missing the family support makes their lives harder to deal with. Therefore, mass incarceration has become a huge impact in our community and working along with the CRJ system and implementing fairness would be such a good help in order to give prisoners the chance to change their future. References †¢ Martensen, K. (2012). The price that US minority communities pay: mass incarceration and the ideologies that fuel them. Contemporary Justice Review, 15(2), 211-222. doi:10.1080/10282580.2012.681165 †¢ Lynch, J. P., Sabol, W. J. (2004). ASSESSING THE EFFECTS OF MASS INCARCERATION ON INFORMAL SOCIAL CONTROL IN COMMUNITIES. Criminology Public Policy, 3(2), 267-293. †¢ Mary Pattillo, David Weiman, and Bruce Western, Imprisoning America: The Social Effects of Mass Incarceration †¢ Imprisoning America: The Social Effects of Mass Incarceration by Mary Pattillo; David Weiman; Bruce Western. †¢ Mauer, M. (2011). Addressing Racial Disparities in Incarceration. Prison Journal, 91(3), 87S-101S. doi:10.1177/0032885511415227 †¢ Prashad, V. (2014). Towards a Happy Ending. Socialism Democracy, 28(3), 24-34. doi:10.1080/08854300.2014.957008

Involving and Engaging Employees Coca

Executive Summary Employees play a major role in the success of a company. They are charged with the responsibility of implementing organisational policies. They also represent the firm’s values and interests. Many businesses, however, fail to acknowledge the role of these stakeholders in their success.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Involving and Engaging Employees: Coca-Cola Great Britain specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As a result, they fail to exploit their full potential. Employee involvement and engagement is set to change this. Involvement is a process spearheaded by the management with the aim of increasing access to information among workers. It helps to promote trust within an organisation. It also supports informed decision making processes. Employee engagement, on the other hand, is a situation where workers are committed to a firm and its values. They become citizens of the organisation tha t they work for. Employee involvement and engagement are crucial to the success of Coca-Cola Great Britain. As a result, the company has maintained a motivated workforce. Better results can be achieved through the adoption of human resource management practices aimed at increasing flexibility and job design. Introduction Coca-Cola Great Britain is based in the UK (Ignatius 2011). Its headquarters are located in West London. It is a subsidiary of the Coca-Cola Company. The parent firm wholly owns the organisation. It was established with the aim of serving the UK market more efficiently. Like its parent company, it is involved in the manufacture of non-alcoholic beverages (Senker Foy 2012). It also oversees other activities, which include distribution, marketing, and retailing. Coca-Cola Great Britain engages in the preparation of syrup concentrates, which are later sold to bottling plants across the country. The bottlers control specific territories within the region. Coca-Cola rem ains the company’s main brand (Ignatius 2011). Its formula was developed by John Stith in 1886. The formula is a closely guarded secret in the company. It is considered as intellectual property. Subsidiaries, such as Coca-Cola Great Britain, are also required to safeguard the secret on behalf of the parent company. To ensure this, employee loyalty is required. The company has achieved this by promoting employee involvement and engagement.  Coca-Cola Great Britain consists of a team of 110 individuals (Senker Foy 2012). They are involved in the running of seven manufacturing plants spread across the country.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Their main responsibility is to ensure that the existing brands are manufactured in adequate quantities to satisfy the demand in the UK market (Senker Foy 2012). At the same time, they promote the brands in an attempt to increas e its consumption rates. The organisation also seeks to develop new brands. The only way to achieve this is through innovation. A motivated workforce is, therefore, required. Innovation is aimed at increasing efficiency at the point of manufacture, retailing, distribution, and marketing. With over 4650 individuals currently employed in enterprises operated by Coca-Cola Great Britain, there is need to develop effective human resource management (HRM) practices to increase the productivity of the workforce. Problem Statement Employees are important in ensuring the success of their organisations. However, their role is often overlooked. As a result, the management is not keen to develop HRM strategies aimed at addressing issues affecting them. For this reason, their productivity within a firm tends to go down. They lack motivation to work towards the success of their firms. Employees are also mainly excluded when it comes to decision making (Henderson 2011). Managers tend to make decis ions affecting the entire organisation without consultations. The result is that employees lack trust in the firm’s leadership. They are also less motivated to work beyond the terms of their employment contract. They also lose faith in the values upheld by the business (Balantyne 2004).  The only way to avoid this shortcoming is by involving employees more in the day-to-day running of the firm. The management often achieves this by giving the workforce access to more information concerning their organisation. The practice promotes employee engagement. Workers get committed to their firm and its values. At the same time, they develop the will to assist their colleagues. However, many firms are not aware of the importance of putting in place effective HRM practices. As a result, the performance of their employees tends to be dismal. Organisations also fail to acknowledge the importance of flexibility and job design in promoting success. As a result, the work requirements of t heir employees are not satisfied. Consequently, their performance is negatively affected.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Involving and Engaging Employees: Coca-Cola Great Britain specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Research Questions The study focused on the assessment of the impacts of HRM practices on employee involvement and engagement in relation to the performance of Coca-Cola Great Britain. The study also sought to examine the role played by flexibility and job design. The importance of these elements to the company was also assessed. Consequently, the study sought to respond to the following research question: What are the effects of involvement and engagement of employees in the business activities of Coca Cola Great Britain? What are the factors affecting the involvement and engagement of the workforce at Coca Cola Great Britain? What is the future of the engagement and involvement of employees in conte mporary organisations? Human Resource Management Employee involvement is an initiative taken by the management to increase workers’ access to information (Daniels, Davis Shipton 2008). The move is aimed at enhancing their commitment to the firm, its values, and objectives (Holm 2013). It is a form of top down communication within an organisation. Information emanates from the top leadership positions. A number of forums are used to promote employee involvement. For example, managers can hold meetings and briefings where workers are informed of the progress made within their organisation (Balantyne 2004). Newsletters and memos can also be used to pass information. However, there have been concerns that these methods of communication do not give employees a chance to offer prompt feedback. As a result, they feel neglected in the decision making process. Face-to-face communication is recommended to avoid this. In the past, management had a tendency to rely on third parties to pass information to employees (Kiessling Harvey 2006). Such parties included representatives and workers unions. Little information was given to the workers. It was passed only on a ‘need-to-know’ basis. Direct communication, on the other hand, means that no third party is involved in the link between the management and the employees. It is considered to be the most effective strategy. Modern HRM professionals believe when workers know about their business, they become willing and committed to complete their tasks (Marchington Wilkinson 2012). As such, the practice increases productivity. However, there are concerns that increased involvement of employees may translate to more work and stress. For example, they are required to be more involved in decision making (Albrecht 2010). As such, their responsibilities within the firm are increased. An increase in roles induces stress and, eventually, translates to poor performance.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There are different forms of employee involvement. They range from task participation to financial involvement, downward communication, and upward problem solving (Cox, Zagelmeyer Marchington 2006). Task participation mainly involves job redesigning and enrichment. Redesigning entails restructuring of tasks, roles, and responsibilities associated with a particular job. As a HRM practice, it is aimed at inspiring and motivating employees (Daniels, Davis Shipton 2008). Job enrichment, on the other hand, involves assigning additional responsibilities to workers. It is aimed at motivating persons who are self-driven. It is mostly evident among employees at higher levels within the organisation. Task participation can also be in the form of teamwork. It offers employees a chance to exchange ideas with others. As a result, they gain a better understanding of their organisation and the issues affecting it.  The management can increase employee commitment through financial involvement ( Bratton Good 2012). It involves providing financial incentives to workers in order to motivate them. Profit sharing is one of the most commonly used incentives. Management can directly or indirectly make payments based on the profitability of the firm. The payment is in addition to the regular salaries and bonuses. The companies that are publicly traded often resort to allocation of shares to their workforce. The arrangement is referred to as a share ownership scheme (Boxall Purcell 2012). Through financial involvement, employees are made aware of their organisation’s performance. They also get the opportunity to share the profits made by the firm. As a result, they are more willing to contribute to the success of the business.  Downward communication emanates from people in top management positions (Gruman Saks 2011). A good example is an address from the chief executive officer to junior officers. Most of these communications are aimed at giving employees updates on fu ture plans by the management. As such, they can adequately prepare for any changes that may occur at their place of work. It may also involve passing information on matters affecting production and the delivery of services either directly or indirectly. As such, employees have a clear picture of what is expected of them within their organisation. Their ability to make decisions is also increased. Upward communication is another form of employee involvement. It is aimed at solving problems that arise within a firm (Noe Noe 2012). The management encourages employees to come up with ideas that would help solve these challenges. The leaders also seek to encourage innovation. The reason for this is to ensure that the organisation gains competitive advantage over its rivals through product differentiation (Noe Noe 2012). The management may also organise attitude surveys to establish how much their employees are committed to the objectives of the firm. Staff surveys may also enable the m anagement to learn the areas of HRM that need to be changed. Through problem solving groups, employees are able to provide suggestions that improve the day-to-day running of the organisation. Employee engagement Employee engagement is viewed as commitment to an organisation and its values. The workforce also exhibits willingness to help their colleagues improve their performance (Daniels 2006). It is also commonly referred to as organisational citizenship. It can only be offered to a firm willingly. As such, it cannot be demanded from an individual as one of the terms of the employment contract (Kiessling Harvey 2006). In this case, employees have the ability and the desire to ensure the success of their firm. Their desire and commitment is exhibited through discretionary efforts in the form of such acts as working extra time (Amabile Kramer 2011). Employee engagement also entails willingness to put in intellectual effort to ensure that an organisation performs well. Individuals a lso carry out their tasks with a positive attitude (Armstrong Taylor 2014). They also relate well with others to meet organisational goals and objectives. They also feel lucky to be involved in the activities of the organisation. They tend to take it as an opportunity to enhance their skills. Businesses can achieve employee involvement and engagement by allowing their workers to speak out on matters affecting the business. They feel that their contribution to the firm is valued (Bratton Good 2012). They also get the impression that the employer is transparent with them. As a result, they gain trust in the management and its activities. Employee engagement in many firms is achieved through the involvement of the workforce in decision making. Effective HRM practices require ideas emanating from workers to be taken into consideration. Their contribution should be acknowledged and appreciated by the management (Cummings Worley 2014). Employees should also be able to communicate openl y with the organisation’s leadership without fear of retribution. As a result, they do not feel sidelined when it comes to decision making and formulation of policies (Cummings Worley 2014).  Research shows that employee involvement and engagement at Coca-Cola Great Britain has been as a result of eased relations between the workforce and the management (Torrington et al. 2011). Individuals working for the organisation are encouraged to generate new ideas. The management is also keen to acknowledge the contribution of the employees. It often rewards their commitment, especially through better pay (Little Little 2006). As a result, a culture of innovation has been developed. The ‘Share a Coke’ campaign aimed at promoting the Coca-Cola brand was associated with a lot of success. The success can be attributed to the commitment of employees to the success of their organisation. The commitment is expressed by constantly generating new ideas (Rees French 2010).  There are a number of positive outcomes associated with the HRM practices. To begin with, cases of absenteeism have drastically decreased. The productivity of the employees has also gone up owing to the increased efforts. Error rates have also declined following the development of organisational citizenship (Luthans Peterson 2002). Workers have grown more emotionally attached to their firm. Role of Flexibility and Job Design Litheness is an important quality within any organisation. It is the ability of a firm to adapt to the composition, responsiveness, size, and cost of the human capital required to achieve its goals and objectives (Felstead, Jewson Walters 2003). It is an important HRM goal for any business. Employers and employees view flexibility from different perspectives. In the case of the employer, employee flexibility is all about efficiency (Felstead, Jewson Walters 2003). They feel that the workforce should be able to change its schedule with relative ease to deal w ith emergencies (Rayer Adam-Smith 2009). As such, the organisation is able to deal with emerging issues without outsourcing for human capital. On the other hand, employees view flexibility as the ability to juggle between work and home with ease. The needs of employers and employees in relation to flexibility at the workplace should be balanced to ensure optimum productivity (Lockwood 2007).  At Coca-Cola Great Britain, employee flexibility is viewed as one of the organisational goals. The company respects the rights of the workers (Ignatius 2011). For example, employees are allowed time-off during working hours for ante-natal care. Maternity leaves are also granted. During the time, workers are entitled to pay for a period of 39 weeks as per UK laws. Maternity leaves can extend to one year. Workers at Coca-Cola Great Britain are also given leave to attend to paternal, parental, and adoption issues. Dependants are also allowed time-off to attend to their households (Ignatius 2011 ). Their responsibilities may range from children to parents and spouses. As a result, the organisation’s workforce enjoys a better work-life balance. Employees are able to attend to their responsibilities both at work and at home with relative ease. Besides these instances, it is important for the company to allow persons who have offered more than 26 weeks of continuous service to request for leaves with justified reasons. The move is a legal requirement for all firms operating in the UK. Flexibility at the organisation has helped reduce cases of absenteeism (Felstead et al. 2002). Unpaid leaves are the most effective strategies in ensuring this. Employees are discouraged from missing work unless when it is absolutely necessary. Their morale to work is also boosted. The reason behind this is that they feel the company strives to benefit them. In the process, organisational citizenship is achieved. Job satisfaction among employees is also enhanced. As a result, the rate of e mployee turnover at Coca-Cola Great Britain is generally low. When employees are allowed time-off when need arises, they get to relax and are not fatigued. Upon their return, they become more efficient in their activities and are associated with high levels of productivity. Job design It is an important aspect of HRM practices. It involves putting together a range of tasks and responsibilities to be undertaken by a particular individual within an organisation (Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development [CIPD] 2008a). In other terms, it entails specifying the contents of various jobs. The reason for this is to ensure job satisfaction among employees. The potential of workers is also fully utilised (Luthans Peterson 2002). Through job redesigning, organisations can completely engage their workers. More responsibilities mean increased involvement. The reason behind this is that one will be more involved in decision making in the areas of operations entrusted to them. They tend t o develop a sense of responsibility by supporting the day-to-day running of their organisations (Mohr Zoghi 2006). Their effects on the firm are also felt and valued. In the process, they become more engaged and develop organisational citizenship.  Coca-Cola Great Britain is known to use job design to motivate its employees. The company mainly achieves this through task enlargement (CIPD 2008a). The process involves lengthening the work cycle by extending the range of activities and responsibilities within the same level. It involves a combination of many activities (Den 2011). Consequently, one is expected to perform different tasks. Boredom at the place of work is eliminated. Employees are more enthusiastic about their work. Job enrichment can also be used to motivate employees (Pilbeam Corbridge 2010). It is mainly achieved by assigning additional responsibilities to workers. Additional roles often come with a raise in pay (Edwards 2003). As such, employees feel that they are valued in the organisation. Such individuals are motivated to work hard to ensure that their effect is felt throughout the company. Job enrichment is, however, often a reserve of employees occupying higher levels in the organisation (CIPD 2008b). The reason behind this is that they have better knowledge of the company’s operations. Improved results can be achieved at Coca-Cola Great Britain by combining job design with rewards. Conclusion There is no doubt that employee involvement and engagement enhance the success of a company. The two ensure that workers are involved in the day-to-day running of their organisation. Employee involvement means that they are provided with information concerning the business and its objectives. As such, they are empowered to make better decisions. In the process, they are able to promote success. Employee engagement, on its part, involves the development of organisational citizenship. It involves the initiation of emotional attachment to the firm. As such, individuals strive to ensure the continued success of their firm. Improved HRM practices can be developed by promoting job design and flexibility. The two are important sources of employee motivation. They result in increased productivity, which promotes success. Organisations operating in a dynamic market can gain competitive advantage by putting in place effective HRM strategies. Improved employee relations will ensure continued innovation. For this reason, Coca-Cola Great Britain should put in place HRM practices aimed at promoting employee involvement and engagement. Job design and flexibility should also be encouraged. References Albrecht, S 2010, Handbook of employee engagement: perspectives, issues, research and practice, Edward Elgar Publishing, London, UK. Amabile, T Kramer, S 2011, ‘The power of small wins’, Harvard Business Review, vol. 89, no. 5, pp. 71-80. Armstrong, M Taylor, S 2014, Armstrong’s handbook of human resource management practice, 13th edn, Kogan Page, London, UK. Balantyne, D 2004, ‘Dialogue and its role in the development of relationship specific knowledge’, Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 114-123. Boxall, P Purcell, J 2012, Strategy and human resource management, 4th edn, Palgrave MacMillan, Hampshire. Bratton, J Good, J 2012, Human resource management, 5th edn, Palgrave Macmillan, Hampshire. Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development 2008a, Smart working: the impact of work organisation and job design, CIPD, London, UK. Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development 2008b, Smart working: how smart is UK PLC?, CIPD, London, UK. Cox, A, Zagelmeyer, S Marchington, M 2006, ‘Embedding employee involvement and participation at work’, Human Resource Management Journal, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 250-267. Cummings, T Worley, C 2014, Organisation development and change, Cengage Learning, New York. Daniels, K 2006, Employee relations in an organisational context, CIPD, London, UK. Daniels, K, Davis, A Shipton, H 2008, Strategic HRM: building research based practice, CIPD, London, UK. Den, R 2011, Keys to governance: strategic leadership for quality of life, Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke. Edwards, P 2003, ‘The employment relationship and the field of industrial relations’, Industrial Relations: Theory and Practice, vol. 2, no.1, pp. 1-36. Felstead, A, Jewson, N Walters, S 2003, ‘Managerial control of employees working at home’, British Journal of Industrial Relations, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 241-264. Felstead, A, Jewson, N, Phizacklea, A, Walters, S. 2002. ‘The option of working at home: another privilege for the favoured few’, New Technology, Work and Employment, vol. 17, no 3, pp. 204-223 Gruman, J Saks, A 2011, ‘Performance management and employee engagement’, Human Resource Management Review, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 123-136. Henderson, I 2011, Human resource managem ent for MBA students, Chartered Institute of Personnel Development, London, UK. Holm, A 2013, Philosophy of science: an introduction for future knowledge workers, Samfundslitteratur, Frederiksberg. Ignatius, A 2011, ‘Shaking things up at Coca-Cola’, Harvard Business Review, vol. 89, no. 10, pp. 94-99. Kiessling, T Harvey, M 2006, ‘The human resource management issues during an acquisition: the target firm’s top management team and key managers’, International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol. 17, no. 7, pp. 1307-1320. Little, B Little, P 2006, ‘Employee engagement: conceptual issues’, Journal of Organisational Culture, Communications and Conflict, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 111-120. Lockwood, N 2007, ‘Leveraging employee engagement for competitive advantage’, Society for Human Resource Management Research Quarterly, vol. 1, no.1, pp. 1-12. Luthans, F Peterson, S 2002, ‘Employee engagement and manager self-efficac y’, Journal of Management Development, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 376-387. Marchington, M Wilkinson, A 2012, Human resource management at work, 5th edn, Chartered Institute of Personnel Development, London, UK. Mohr, R Zoghi, C 2006, Is job enrichment really enriching?, U.S. Dept. of Labour, U.S. Bureau of Labour Statistics, Office of Productivity and Technology, Washington, D.C. Noe, R Noe, R 2012, Human resource management: gaining a competitive advantage, 8th edn, McGraw-Hill Irwin, New York. Pilbeam, S Corbridge, M 2010, People resourcing: contemporary HRM in practice, 4th edn, Prentice Hall, London, UK. Rayer, C Adam-Smith, D 2009, Managing leading people, McGraw Hill, CIPD, London, UK. Rees, G French, R 2010, Leading, managing and developing people, 3rd edn, CIPD, London, UK. Senker, C Foy, D 2012, Coca Cola: the story behind the iconic business, Wayland, London, UK. Torrington, D, Hall, L, Taylor, S, Atkinson, C. 2011. Human resource management, 8th edn, Prentice Ha ll, Essex. This report on Involving and Engaging Employees: Coca-Cola Great Britain was written and submitted by user Caitlyn Q. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Who Moved My Cheese Essays

Who Moved My Cheese Essays Who Moved My Cheese Paper Who Moved My Cheese Paper The message from the book Who Moved My Cheese was that if you want something in life you have to go out and get it and that no one hand is going to hand it to you. Meaning there will be changes in your life and you have to be willing to accept it; and not be afraid of the word change. Because if youre not willing to open up to change life will pass you by without looking back. The character I can say I identify the most is the mouse which was Haw. My reason for saying this Is because Haw was a person who wasnt willing to accept change at first because his friend kept telling him how he didnt want to accept it because he was scared and that Hem kept saying how there was nothing better out there for them. So instead of Haw doing what he wanted to do he kept listening to his friend and not his heart. But at the end he was starting to open up to change, and he saw that change was good for him. I would have to say my cheese is my future goal which Is to be a physical therapist assistant. However I cant be a Haw anymore I have to be a Scurry who sees whats deed and take action to it immediately. I cant Just sit around and not think Im going to become a PTA by being a Haw who takes their time opening up to change when I need to be willing to open to It a little quicker. The character I can relate to someone I know Is Hem. I can relate Hem to someone Is because they wasnt willing to accept change at all. They were the best athlete In high school, and everyone looked up to them. But when It was time for them to graduate from high school and attend college she was so excited because she was going to try-out for the basketball am. Until the day It finally came to try-out, the coaches were giving plays to run and she didnt run them because she use to come up with her own plays Like In high school; and her coach would run them and she felt Like she was In charge all the time. But she wasnt willing to accept change which her change was running the college plays thats really going to help them win on that college level and her not being In charge. Then when try-outs was over and they posted who all made It on the team she noticed that her name wasnt on the list, and she was devastated. However he lesson I can learn from her Is that I have to be always be willing to adapt to change no matter what, Like my mommy always said dont knock It until you try It because you might end up Liking It. , this can help me In college because I know Ill face somethings and Ill have to adapt to the atmosphere around me but at the end Its Just me facing change In my life. My personal review on this book Is that I really somewhat enjoyed this book. It taught me that theyre plenty people In the world who are afraid of change and Its okay long as youre not Like a Hem whos not willing to accept change. But overall this was a great book and I would require many people to read It thats scared of change. Who Moved My Cheese By Brown identify the most is the mouse which was Haw. My reason for saying this is because would have to say my cheese is my future goal which is to be a physical therapist assistant. However I cant be a Haw anymore I have to be a Scurry who sees whats when I need to be willing to open to it a little quicker. The character I can relate to someone I know is Hem. I can relate Hem to someone is because they wasnt willing o accept change at all. They were the best athlete in high school, and everyone looked up to them. But when it was time for them to graduate from high school and team. Until the day it finally came to try-out, the coaches were giving plays to run and she didnt run them because she use to come up with her own plays like in high school; and her coach would run them and she felt like she was in charge all the being in charge. Then when try-outs was over and they posted who all made it on the the lesson I can learn from her is that I have to be always be willing to adapt to hang no matter what, like my mommy always said dont knock it until you try it because you might end up liking it. , this can help me in college because I know Ill face something and Ill have to adapt to the atmosphere around me but at the end its Just me facing change in my life. My personal review on this book is that I really somewhat enjoyed this book. It taught me that theyre plenty people in the world who are afraid of change and its okay long as youre not like a Hem whos not willing to read it thats scared of change.

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - Essay Example All of the above generates quite a challenge, given that many adult ADHD patients are self-diagnosed when they first seek clinical help. In addition to this physicians, psychiatrists and clinicians are often unfamiliar with the subtleties of adult presentations of a classically childhood disorder. In general sense ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) is nothing more than parents or others seeking a medical explanation for behavior they cannot manage to control (Nigel et al, 2001:2.18). This is one of the biggest reason why ADHD is underestimated or a hidden problem in Adults. Occasionally, we may all have difficulty sitting still, paying attention or controlling impulsive behavior. For some people, the problem is so pervasive and persistent that it interferes with their daily life, including home, academic, social and work settings. Medical science first documented children exhibiting inattentiveness, impulsivity and hyperactivity in 1902. Since that time, the disorder has been given numerous names, including Minimal Brain Dysfunction, Hyper-kinetic Reaction of Childhood, and Attention-Deficit Disorder With or Without Hyperactivity. In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 4th Edition (DSM-IV from the American Psychiatric Association, 1994) classification system, the disorder has been renamed to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). ... Since that time, the disorder has been given numerous names, including Minimal Brain Dysfunction, Hyper-kinetic Reaction of Childhood, and Attention-Deficit Disorder With or Without Hyperactivity. In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 4th Edition (DSM-IV from the American Psychiatric Association, 1994) classification system, the disorder has been renamed to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Here ADHD is described within two clusters of symptoms: inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity. Each of this two areas, inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity, are composed of nine different symptoms. These symptoms are listed in Attachment II. Beside these symptoms there needs to be clear evidence of significant impairment in the functioning of the person. Problems also have to persist for a minimum of half a year, and the first signs should be ascertained before the age of seven. Finally one must not be able to explain the symptoms by other diagnoses. Additional impairment has to be present in several situations in the person's life. As people can show symptoms from both areas, three subtypes define ADHD: 1. Combined Type This is the most common type, and means the person has six or more symptoms in each category 2. Predominantly Inattentive Type This means the person has six or more inattention symptoms but fewer than six hyperactivity symptoms. 3. Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Type This is the least common type and means that the person has six or more hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms but fewer than six inattention symptoms. Origin It is generally agreed upon that ADHD develops most common in early youth. There has long been debate over the direction of causation

EEOC REPORT KJ Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

EEOC REPORT KJ - Assignment Example I also learned that the employers need to evaluate all the work conditions and circumstances in order to assess and determine specific remarks or conducts that are unwelcome by different religions. The topic, religious harassment, is important for my career in that I now understand the best practices that must be employed by both employees and employers in the workplace. Through the topic, I now understand what is expected of employers and employees in protecting freedom of religion. The topic, religious harassment, is related my business courses due to the nature of the business world. The world has become a global village, and people from diversified backgrounds meet and interacts to conduct business. Therefore, it is necessary to understand religious issues, especially what constitute religious harassment in workplaces. In conclusion, I chose the topic because of its sensitive nature in the workplace and the growing diversity in business organizations. I learned what constitutes religious harassments, responsibilities of both employers and employees, and liability limits in both

Is brain dead really dead Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Is brain dead really dead - Essay Example The brain involves a mutual interaction with all the other parts, but the coordination and functioning specific body organ is integrative and independent unit. Therefore, a tenable rationale that equates brain death to a complete halt in the functioning of the whole body is physiologically and ethically mal-practiced in many brain examination, diagnosis, and treatment fields of medicine (David, 2009). (Key words: brain death, medical ethics, integrated organs, rationale, death). Introduction Brain death is a condition in which the role and functioning of the brain halts, and it is in a state of complete destruction. Therefore, the functioning of other organs directly or indirectly related to the brain enters into a state of limited performance or inevitable and imminent cessation. Brain death may result to total malfunctioning of the respiratory system, cardiac performance among other functions of the organs in the body. As a result, the direct control of these organs by the brain le d medical physicians to argue that failure of the brain results to failure of all other parts of the body. This persuasive argument concluded that when a human brain dies, then the rest of the organs come to a complete death too. Irreversible cessation of the brain results to pronouncement of death for all functions of the brain, and thus, the victim is said to be dead (David, 2009). This has brought controversial arguments among medical practitioners based on whether pronouncement of death is really, because of the brain malfunctioning. Other medical practitioners argue that statutory recognition of death in the basis of brain death is ethically undesirable especially in the field of medicine. Technical Aspects Ethical consideration of death on neurologic criteria lays a certainty on death of a person who meets clinical diagnosis test that shows total destruction of the brain, really, resulted to his or her death. The examination of a human body that shows un-receptiveness, missing spontaneous movements and unresponsiveness as well as poor and disorderly breathing functions with reflexes and dilated pupils are not evidence that a person died from brain cessation. Autopsy reports have showed that widespread destruction of the brain results to anticipated failure and destruction of other organs, including heartbeats and cardiac disorders, as well as, cellular destruction detected during morphology tests do not conclude that a brain failure resulted to the death of a human being. Intracranial blood flow is another technical aspect by which medical practitioners base their evidence (David, 2009). This isotopic technique shows how subsequent flow of blood in a necrosis and liquefaction manner in the brain leads to total failure of the brain. The technique shows how the brain is affected, but organs that fully depend on the control by the brain remain unaffected. Spinal reflexes and cerebral unresponsiveness in apneic patients showed that when appropriate diagnosti c procedures were met, as well as proper therapeutic techniques used to exclude the reversible condition, would have affected the brain to total destruction. The Collaborative technique shows that chances of the brain to affect spinal related organs had little or no effect at all (David, 2009). The various organ disorders found in the apneic patients did not necessarily result from the etiological factor

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What is one of the biggest problems in Latin America today? Is it the slums that some people live in or the way poor people are treated? Both these ideas connect to Latin America’s largest problem today, the major income gap between the rich and the poor. When people think of Latin America in modern day some will think of the rich citizens who live prosperous lives, but many of them also think of the poor folk who live in slums such like the favelas of Rio. This might not seem like such a big issue to us, but for the people of Latin America this could not only affect their economy, but their politics as well. So, why is this important, what does this have to do with anything? Other than a political or economic problem the income gap is a matter of social justice. How can people live like that? Why do 10% of the richest get half the income while the poorest 10% only get 0.8%? This is an unfair way of living. How is this important one might ask. Well these statistics, and the reality could make the poor angry. Numerous revolts have occurred and what is to say that the needy will not do that again. This is a matter of social justice that needs to be fixed. Other research also shows that the unprivileged have a shorter lifespan than middle and upper class citizens. This could lead to a drop in Latin America’s population and also drop the employment rate. Overall there are many reasons why this pressing issue of the income gap is so important but the real question is, how will this impact Latin America as a whole. Many of the reasons why the income gap is important tie into how it impacts Latin America. People living in the slums are prone to catching diseases. This could lead up to the spreading of those diseases and many people be... ...r government and help reduce the income gap that exists today. Overall the government can help narrow this income gap in many ways if they tried. In conclusion the increasing income gap in Latin America is becoming a big issue in modern day society. Not only is it affecting the citizens of Latin America but someday this can also lead up to us, the people of the US. The rich could even, eventually take over leaving the poor in an even worse state than before. However, with help we can change this gap and aid the poor to get jobs to help the growing economy of Latin America. With all the people living in these countries they could become a very successful area of the world only if this unfair treatment is stopped. In the long run the only thing that is keeping Latin America from becoming prosperous, (all around), is the wide income gap between the rich and the poor.

The Disadvantages of Smoking

10/12/2012 How many times have you said this to yourself? I must stop smoking. This essay will detail the disadvantages holding you back while you continue to smoke, as well as the benefits of quitting. Darrael Robinson How many times have you said this to yourself? I must stop smoking. This essay will detail the disadvantages holding you back while you continue to smoke, as well as the benefits of quitting. Darrael Robinson The Disadvantages of Smoking Cigarettes and the Advantages of Quitting The Disadvantages of Smoking Cigarettes and the Advantages of QuittingOne of the largest health disputes right now and for a prolonged period of time, has been smoking. No one seems to be doing much about the issue and the people who don’t care the most and should, are the smokers. The smokers are the ones who need to know how bad it really is. It seems the non-smokers are the people who oppose against this topic because they are affected by it too. Everyday 3,000 children start smoking , most them between the ages of 10 and 18. These kids account for 90 percent of all new smokers.In fact, 90 percent of all adult smokers said that they first started smoking as teenagers. These statistics clearly show that young people are the prime target in the tobacco wars. (Smoking Facts, 2012) The dangers of smoking are many, but still cigarettes have become common; every third person, smokes these days. As elders smoke, young people also learn that there is no harm by smoking, so they do it at a very early age, which is called underage smoking. And it becomes a tradition parents do it, so children also do it.Apart from getting this habit from elders, some people smoke just because they want to show off or they just want to show that they are grown enough to do anything. (Maddox, 2011) Besides tradition and showing off, people smoke to release tension, but it’s useless as inhaling carbon dioxide cannot release tension. Science has also proved that smoking cause’s lung cancer, cardiovascular disease, and tongue cancer just to name a few. These types of diseases do not occur in a day or two, but it requires smoking for many years. People who engage in underage smoking; would end up with diseases ery early in life and would have a very short life. Smoking for women is most harmful when they are pregnant the child takes the oxygen, and the child who is not born yet starts breathing carbon dioxide. It also slows the flow of blood which in return slows nutrients to a baby. Smoking not only damages lungs but it also causes breathing problems which remain permanent. (Admin, 2007) Tobacco use; remains the leading preventable cause of death in the United States, causing more than 400,000 deaths each year and resulting in an annual cost of more than $50 billion dollars.Passive smoke, or second hand smoke, affects the non-smokers too. Tobacco smoke contains about 4,000 chemicals, including 200 known poisons. Every time someone smokes, poisons such as be nzene, formaldehyde, and carbon monoxide are released into the air, which means that not only is the smoker inhaling them but so is everyone else around him. Many studies now show that this secondhand smoke can have harmful effects on nonsmokers and even cause them to develop diseases such as lung cancer and heart disease. Secondhand smoke has an especially bad effect on infants and children whose parents smoke.A number of studies show that in their first two years of life, babies of parents who smoke at home have a much higher rate of lung diseases such as bronchitis and pneumonia than babies with nonsmoking parents. (Smoking Facts, 2012) Now we have electronic cigarettes, better known as E-Cigarettes which contains three essential components: A plastic cartridge that serves as a mouthpiece and a reservoir for liquid; an â€Å"atomizer† that vaporizes the liquid and a battery. It’s supposedly healthier then smoking a regular cigarette.However E-Cigarettes also carries the same risk as smoking a regular nicotine cigarette. The FDA did some research on the E-Cigarette and found that: * E-Cigarettes can increase nicotine addiction among young people and may lead kids to try other tobacco products, including conventional cigarettes, which are known to cause disease and lead to premature death * The products may contain ingredients that are known to be toxic to humans (FDA, 2010) Despite these statements, the advantages and disadvantages are very easy to compare.Some of the purported advantages include a sense of calm and relaxation during and immediately after smoking a cigarette. Smokers also frequently receive a number of short breaks throughout the work day to indulge their habit. Some argue that smoking cigarettes makes one look cool, sexy and mature. Finally, many smokers find that smoking cigarettes gives them something to do with their hands. (Wikipedia, 2012) However the disadvantages fairly outweigh the advantages. There are health disadvan tages which links the connection between smoking and early death is irrefutable and well documented.There is an increased risk of a number of cancers, including cancers of the lungs, mouth, throat, cervix, kidneys, stomach, bladder and uterus, as well as leukemia. In addition, smoking increases the risk of emphysema, heart disease and peripheral vascular disease. The last of these causes complications such as gangrene and tissue loss. Even if you don't develop any of these diseases, you will suffer from shortness of breath. Some men even suffer from impotence due to smoking. There are social disadvantages; one being, smoking has become increasingly unpopular in American society, so smokers face social difficulties.People seek to avoid smokers due to the health risks posed by secondhand smoke. Further, smokers often have to leave social situations to go outside to feed their habit, interrupting social interactions. Some people, wishing to avoid secondhand smoke and its attendant heal th risks, may choose not to go to your house if you smoke indoors. Finally there are financial disadvantages; one being smoking is an expensive habit. The website CostOfSmoking. com estimates that the average cost of a smoker's habit in 2010 is $1,500 a year. This is money that could be spent on healthy habits or even hobbies.Instead, smokers literally pay this much money every year for an early death. There are a number of other indirect costs, such as higher cost of health, homeowner's and life insurance. Smokers also earn between 4 and 11 percent less than nonsmokers, according to the same website. Smokers also on average pay more for the following: * Life Insurance * Health Insurance * Health Care * Home Owner's Insurance * Value of the House * Earn Less Money * Less Social Security / Pension Benefits * Cost of Cleaning * Dental Care (Savingadvice. com, 2012)One of the advantages of quitting is the physical benefits. After 20 minutes of not smoking, your blood pressure returns t o normal. After 48 hours, nerve endings regrow and smell and taste start to become enhanced. The long term benefit include: Five years after quitting, your chances of dying from lung cancer decrease by almost half. After 15 years, your risk of getting heart disease is the same as that of a non-smoker. (Smoking Facts, 2012) As you can see, many peoples’ bodies become damaged by their addiction to cigarettes, but most people smoke indirectly.The passive smokers receive damage by people who smoke next to them. In many cases passive smokers have many diseases’ produced by smokers. Smokers suffer financial hardships every day. Smoking is not only a bad habit, but it will most likely end in certain death. Smoking is like a slow death, which can take a hard toll on one’s family so if you are smoker, you are at risk, you are dying, so be careful with that. Bibliography Admin. (2007). Can smoking relieve tensions. Ygoy. Retrieved October 10, 2012, from http://smoking. yg oy. com/can-smoking-relieve-tension FDA, U.D. (2010). E-Cigarettes: Questions and Answers. http://www. fda. gov/NewsEvents/PublicHealthFocus/ucm172906. htm. Maddox, N. (2011). Smoking Peer Pressure Facts. http://www. livestrong. com/article/245384-smoking-peer-pressure-facts. Savingadvice. com. (2012). The Cost of Smoking. http://www. savingadvice. com/articles/2005/11/17/10182_the-cost-of-smoking. html. Smoking Facts. (2012). Smoking Facts. http://www. smoking-facts. net/Teen-Smoking-Facts. html. Wikipedia. (2012). Smoking. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Tobacco_smoking.

The Effects Of Remand Custody On Criminal Justice System

The use of remand custody has been increasing significantly over the last decade. The length of time of an individual being placed in remand on custody is extended due to numerous factors. According to research and findings, the accused who is not being released on conditions is physically and mentally in pain during the period of waiting for the trial. The topic of the increased use of remand custody will be discussed in this essay, focusing on three key themes: describing the process of how individuals are placed on remand, the benefits and obstacles of remand custody, and the affection of this form of custody on criminal justice system as well as offenders. I will argue that the system of criminal justice needs to address the consequences of the shift and they should avoid the drawbacks for the system. Individuals who are in remand on custody are considered to be innocent until proven guilty. They are being held on remand to wait for their trials and have not been convicted on criminal offences. Individuals can be placed on remand for numerous reasons. Some accused are being placed in custody â€Å"through the issuance of a warrant of committal by a JP [who is also known as a justice of the peace] or judge† while others are due to disregarding their release conditions (Curt T. Griffiths, 2015, p.179). For example, some offenders may be required to stay in the restricted area as part of the release conditions, yet they are found in the area of where they were being accused toShow MoreRelatedCriminal Code And Charter Sections1414 Words   |  6 PagesPart I: Relevant Criminal Code and Charter Sections Sentencing provisions in Canadian law are found in s.718.1 and s.718.2 of the Criminal Code, which states that, â€Å"sentences must be proportionate to the nature of the offence, reduced or increased depending on the mitigating and aggravating factors, must be similar to sentences imposed on similar offenders for similar offences in similar circumstances, and if the sentence is consecutive, it must not be unduly long or harsh.† Therefore, an offenderRead MoreIndigenous Australians And The Institution Of Criminal Law2290 Words   |  10 Pagesthe institution of ‘Criminal Law’. In this context, criminal law refers to legal processes such as police questioning, investigation and detainment as well as arrest, custody and bail. It also encompasses associated court procedures up to the point of sentencing. The focus will be to first outline the importance of criminal law to Indigenous Australians and then provide a critical analysis of the unique experiences and barr iers that this group encounter in accessing criminal law in a positive wayRead MoreUcmj Article 863614 Words   |  15 Pagescivilian authorities at the request which is when an absentee is taken into custody by civilian authorities at the request of military officials is a form of solving any of these absences. Appreshension by military authority terminates an unauthorized absence. Delivery to military authority also terminates the unauthorized absence. 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What causes Recidivism? Recidivism is caused by criminals who have been through the courts and prison system and still refuse to turn awayRead MorePresentation And Interpretation Of Research Material3609 Words   |  15 PagesIntroduction: The recent history of criminal legislation in England and Wales is a startling one, a reluctance to be seen as soft on crime has seen successive governments oversee not only the sharpest rise in prisoner populations but also the total largest number of prisoners in UK history. Throughout most of the 20th century it has almost become common practice to having a new criminal justice act in each successive government. Generally these previous criminal justice acts were considered pieces ofRead MoreStrategies of Youth Justice Policies2036 Words   |  9 PagesHere we will look at the strategies of youth justice policies and practice with the ideological motivations and identify and evaluate the social and political context. The 1908 Child Act; Children and Young Persons Act, the Criminal Justice Act; Crime and Disorder Act 1998 and Anti-Social Behaviour Act 2003 will be discussed. Youth justice is a creature of historical development. The structure of the industry is full of dominant philosophies which have seeped into the foundations, which stillRead MoreDk Basu V State of Westbengal8743 Words   |  35 PagesSC 10. Sunil Batra v. Delhi Administration (1978) 4 SCC 494. Sunil Gupta v. State of Madhya Pradesh (1990) 3 SCC 119. Vikram v. State 1996 CriLJ 1536. Vimal Kumar Sharma v. State of Uttar Pradesh 1995 CriLJ 2335. Table of Statutes 1. The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973. 2. The Indian Penal Code, 1860. 3. The Police Act, 1861. Introduction â€Å"To strike the balance between the needs of law enforcement on the one hand and the protection of the citizen from oppression and injustice at the hands of theRead MoreEssay on Inequality3075 Words   |  13 Pagesdissatisfaction amongst some groups. However, what do we mean by fair and just? This might depend upon our perspective on what should shape criminal justice†¦How ideology penetrates the CJS. Stepping back from the CJS Gelsthorpe (2001 p105-6)[1] suggests that there are six key competing perspectives, which influence how the system is, or should be run. These are: Due process Crime control Welfare and rehabilitative Critical socio-legal Bureaucratic